Bladder tumours in Togo from 2011 to 2021: epidemiological and anatomo-pathological aspects

Abstract

Introduction: The authors report this study with the aim of evaluating the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of bladder tumours in Togo.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection conducted in the anatomy and cytopathology laboratory of Togo. During the period from January 2011 to November 2021, 82 cases of bladder tumours were diagnosed. For each patient, the following variables were studied: age, sex, and histopathological nature.

Results: Bladder tumours accounted for 75.2% of all bladder pathologies diagnosed during our study period, including 68.3% of cancers and 31.7% of benign tumours. Men were majority, the sex ratio, male/female, was 1.83. The mean age of the patients was 53.80 ± 15.17 years, with a range of 17 to 85 years. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological type of cancers, accounting for 75% of the cases, while benign tumours were dominated by urothelial papillomas (69.2%).

Conclusion: Bladder tumours are common in Togo, with a clear male predominance. Squamous cell carcinoma remains the most common histological type of cancer.