Assessment of the rate of practice of endoscopic urological surgery in three selected healthcare facilities in Douala, Cameroon
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Abstract
Background: Endourology is a minimally invasive surgical procedure in the field of urology, which has many benefits. There is an increase in the practice of endoscopic urological surgery in Africa. The aim of this research was to assess the practice of endoscopic urological surgery in three selected hospitals in Douala.
Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study. This study was carried out among patients who had undergone a urological endoscopy at Laquintinie Hospital, Douala General Hospital, and the Medico-surgical Center of Urology of Douala. The period of study was from January 2011 to December 2020. The data collected was analysed using SPSS® version 23.0.
Results: The prevalence of endoscopic urological surgery in the three selected hospitals was 7.27%. The Medico-surgical Center of Urology of Douala had 56.8% (249/438) of endoscopic surgery while Douala General Hospital and Laquintinie Hospital had 33.3% (146/438) and 9.8% (43/438) respectively. Of patients, 30.37% (133/438) were within the age group 60 69 years. Urine retention (37.67%; 165/438) and haematuria (36.53%; 160/438) were the most common reasons of consultation. Benign prostate hypertrophy (39.95%; 153/383) was the most common clinical indication among males, while bladder tumour (49.09%; 27/55) was the most common clinical indication among females. The most practised urological endoscopic surgeries in the three hospitals were transurethral resection of the prostate (46.3%; 203/438), endoscopic internal urethrotomy (29.2%; 128/438), and transurethral resection of the bladder (11.9%; 52/438). Of patients, 97.49% (427/438) had a duration of hospitalisation of less than a week with an average of 3.84 ± 2.25 (SD) days.
Conclusion: The practice of urological endoscopy is still a novel practice in our setting, with a rate of seven urological endoscopic procedures performed out of 100 urological surgeries. The majority of patients who underwent endoscopic surgery were men older than 50 years with lower urinary tract obstruction.